Phil. 1: Introduction to Logic

University of San Diego

Schedule

Lawrence M. Hinman, Ph. D.

Answer Key

Exercise 5.4

1. Some non-T are M. (conv., obv.) Some M are not T.

All non-I are non-M. (contrapose) All M are I.

Some I are T. Some I are T.

Invalid

Drawing affirmative conclusion from a negative premise

2. All S are R. All S are R.

Some non-R are C. (conv., obv.) Some C are not R.

Some C are non-S. (obvert) Some C are not S.

Valid

3. All non-S are non-W. (contrapose) All W are S.

All P are W. All P are W.

All P are S. All P are S.

Valid

4. Some I are C. Some I are C.

All C are non-P. All C are non-P.

Some non-I are not P. (contrapose) Some non-P are not I.

Invalid

Illicit major; drawing negative conclusion from affirmative premises

 

5. All W are non-D. (obvert) No W are D.

All D are non-S. (obvert) No D are S.

No non-W are S (conv., obv.) All S are W.

Invalid.

Exclusive premises; drawing affirmative conclusion from negative premises

6. No F are D. No F are D.

No non-F are C. (conv., obv.) All C are F.

All C are non-D. (obvert) No C are D.

Valid

7. All non-M are non-E. (contrapose) All E are M.

Some P are not M. Some P are not M.

Some P are non-E. (obvert) Some P are not E.

Valid

8. All S are non-E. (obvert) No S are E.

Some non-S are U. (conv., obv.) Some U are not S.

Some U are not E. Some U are not E.

Invalid

Exclusive premises

9. All D are non-I. (obvert) No D are I.

All non-D are non-C. (contrapose) All C are D.

No C are I. No C are I.

Valid

10. No D are V. No D are V.

Some S are non-D. (obvert) Some S are not D.

Some non-V are S. (conv., obv.) Some S are not V.

Invalid.

Exclusive premises

 

Exercise 5.4

1. Some non-T are M. (conv., obv.) Some M are not T.

All non-I are non-M. (contrapose) All M are I.

Some I are T. Some I are T.

Invalid

Drawing affirmative conclusion from a negative premise

2. All S are R. All S are R.

Some non-R are C. (conv., obv.) Some C are not R.

Some C are non-S. (obvert) Some C are not S.

Valid

3. All non-S are non-W. (contrapose) All W are S.

All P are W. All P are W.

All P are S. All P are S.

Valid

4. Some I are C. Some I are C.

All C are non-P. All C are non-P.

Some non-I are not P. (contrapose) Some non-P are not I.

Invalid

Illicit major; drawing negative conclusion from affirmative premises

 

5. All W are non-D. (obvert) No W are D.

All D are non-S. (obvert) No D are S.

No non-W are S (conv., obv.) All S are W.

Invalid.

Exclusive premises; drawing affirmative conclusion from negative premises

6. No F are D. No F are D.

No non-F are C. (conv., obv.) All C are F.

All C are non-D. (obvert) No C are D.

Valid

7. All non-M are non-E. (contrapose) All E are M.

Some P are not M. Some P are not M.

Some P are non-E. (obvert) Some P are not E.

Valid

8. All S are non-E. (obvert) No S are E.

Some non-S are U. (conv., obv.) Some U are not S.

Some U are not E. Some U are not E.

Invalid

Exclusive premises

9. All D are non-I. (obvert) No D are I.

All non-D are non-C. (contrapose) All C are D.

No C are I. No C are I.

Valid

10. No D are V. No D are V.

Some S are non-D. (obvert) Some S are not D.

Some non-V are S. (conv., obv.) Some S are not V.

Invalid.

Exclusive premises